The Establishment, Maintenance and Restoration of Naturalistic Gardens

Naturalistic gardens are landscape arrangements that aim to preserve the natural balance by taking into account the site’s existing topography, climate, soil structure, vegetation and environmental conditions, while limiting human intervention. This study examines naturalistic garden design from the perspective of ecological planning and landscape architecture.

The study first explains the fundamental principles of the natural environment, ecosystems and landscape ecology, and then examines how a garden should be analysed before the design and implementation stages. Site grading, soil preparation, the establishment of lawns and meadows, the selection of trees, shrubs and perennial plants, and the design of water and rock gardens constitute the main practice-oriented topics of the study.

Maintenance practices such as fertilisation, weed control, pruning and irrigation are addressed in order to ensure the continuity of the garden. Terracing and mulching methods for erosion control, along with measures against plant diseases, are also examined. The final section lists annual, biennial and perennial plants, shrubs, aquatic and waterside plants, and species suitable for use in rock gardens.